Routine data collection and analysis are essential to applying the
analytic rigor to support evidence-based decision-making and adaptive
management. Mainstreaming geospatial data in planning, implementing, monitoring
and adapting GEF projects and programs will help achieve greater impact by
increasing operational efficiency.
Over the past 5 years, the availability and accessibility of
geospatial data has risen dramatically due to greater computational
capabilities and the proliferation of open source and user-friendly, web-based
platforms. Information derived from space-based Earth Observation systems is
particularly useful for assessing and monitoring environmental change[1]
and there are numerous potential applications of remotely-sensed data in GEF investments.
Several GEF Agencies, including the World Bank, the Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO), the United Nations Environment Program, the
United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), and
Conservation International (CI) are already incorporating geospatial data and
analysis into their programming, including through the development of platforms
and tools such as the UN Biodiversity Lab, Collect Earth, Earth Trends, Spatial
Agent, etc. The GEF Independent Evaluation Office (IEO) is similarly using geospatial
data to conduct impact evaluations for specific projects and for
entire portfolios. For example, a 2015 IEO evaluation of protected areas
recommended using geospatial technology to target GEF interventions more
effectively. In addition, a 2016 GEF
report on Biodiversity Mainstreaming concluded that, “Modest and targeted
investments in spatial and land-use planning can be quite impactful and set the
stage for future mainstreaming work.”
[1] For example, to protect,
restore and promote: 1) sustainable use of terrestrial and marine ecosystems;
2) sustainably managed forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse
land degradation and halt biodiversity loss; 3) assessment of forest and above
ground carbon stocks; 4) land productivity and vegetation trend analysis; 5)
land use/land cover change; soil organic carbon estimations; 6) land
degradation trends; agricultural
monitoring; 7) monitoring of water-related ecosystems; 8) mapping urban growth;
and 9) monitoring air quality; monitoring marine ecosystem health and inshore
water quality.
However, the uptake of geospatial data in the design, implementation
and monitoring of projects and programs is by no means widespread in the GEF
Agencies. And there is a new requirement for GEF-7 to include geo-referenced
information and a map showing where a project is located.
STAP intends to develop a guidance document to help GEF Agencies,
in-country partners, and practitioners to mainstream geospatial information in
developing, implementing and monitoring GEF programs and projects.
This will include:
(i)
a scientific primer on geospatial concepts
including Earth Observation, remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems to improve
the understanding of these concepts, how they can be deployed in projects of
relevance to the GEF, and to encourage their uptake in GEF-7 projects and
programs. This section should provide GEF and non-GEF existing case studies and
include references and sources of information for additional learning.
(ii)
guidance to help project managers fulfil the requirements
under PART II: PROJECT JUSTIFICATION 1b) when completing their Project
Information Forms (PIFs).[1]
This information will take into account existing guidance provided by the GEF
Portal, and will recommend additional, more detailed methods for collecting and
displaying relevant geospatial information.
(iii)
signposting of geospatial data sets, data
products, platforms and tools that are relevant to GEF-7 investments, with a
focus on GEF-7 programming and performance indicators.
(iv)
recommendations to the GEF on how to mainstream
remote sensing and other geospatial data to maximize global environmental
benefits and enhance knowledge management.