UNMAS Palestine Response
The conflict started in Gaza in October 2023 is anticipated to leave an unprecedented amount of explosive remnants of war (ERW) across the Gaza Strip. This will further exacerbate the ERW contamination that existed prior to 7 October 2023, stemming from previous escalations since 2008.
The ERW contamination poses an immediate risk to lives, hinders the delivery of humanitarian aid, restricts safe movement, and impedes recovery and development initiatives. This is an especially serious issue in the Gaza Strip as there are significant need for humanitarian assistance, including rubble removal, reconstruction, food, water, and health, for almost the entire population, with over 1.7 million people, or nearly 75 percent of the population, estimated to be internally displaced as of February 2023.
In the West Bank, the security situation has been exacerbated since the conflict started in Gaza, including clashes between the IDF and Palestinian militants in Jenin and across all governorates of the West Bank, adding to the contamination that existed prior to the conflict in Gaza. According to OCHA, between 7 October 2023 and 1 April 2024, 428 Palestinians, including 110 children, have been killed in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem.
In response, UNMAS Palestine implements multiple projects to mitigate the threat of ERW in Gaza to enhance safety for the vulnerable populations, as well as for UN and humanitarian partners, through the delivery of explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) response and explosive ordnance risk education (EORE). In the West Bank, UNMAS develops the capacity of the national authorities, including the Palestine Mine Action Centre (PMAC) to deliver the EORE.
Project Background
In the West Bank, UNMAS technical assistance led to the creation of the PMAC which was established within the Ministry of Interior in Ramallah in April 2012, to execute and implement the PA’s strategic plan and coordinate all mine action-related aspects in the West Bank. The PMAC continues to require UNMAS technical assistance to adequately coordinate mine action across Palestine. In addition, as Palestine acceded to the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Treaty, as well as the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) Protocol on Explosive Remnants of War, UNMAS provides guidance and technical assistance to the PMAC on meeting their obligations toward the treaties. In 2024, UNMAS Palestine continues to focus on enhancing and formalising this ongoing support to the PA via the PMAC for mine action activities in the West Bank through a capacity enhancement project to allow the PMAC to sustain gender-mainstreamed EORE in the West Bank. Further capacity enhancement is required to assist PMAC in its continued coordination of EORE, quality assurance of EORE, Victim Assistance Strategy, data management in line with Protection Principles, their ability to work remotely, and the reporting and coordination with the UN's Protection Cluster.
Under this project, UNMAS will support the delivery of gender mainstreaming training to the PMAC personnel so they can incorporate and integrate the gender perspective into the planning, development, and implementation of the different mine action activities such as the improvement and delivery of EORE messaging, data collection, and analysis, etc. The training will aim at promoting equal participation from males and females and will cover topics such as gender analysis, gender-sensitive indicators, gender-based violence, Protection from Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (PSEA), and strategies for promoting women's participation and leadership.