The Occupied Palestinian Territory (oPt) is one of the most complex and challenging environments in which the United Nations operates. Access challenges, including movement restrictions, differ greatly across the oPt, primarily due to the range of political, administrative and security measures implemented by Israeli, Egyptian, Jordanian, and Palestinian authorities. Restrictions on the access of goods and the movement of people are severe, widespread, costly, and difficult to overcome. These restrictions increase the impoverishment and vulnerability of Palestinians within the oPt, and directly impede humanitarian and development operations.
Acces Support Unit (ASU)
The ASU is an inter-agency project under the overall leadership of the UN Deputy Special Coordinator (DSC) / Resident Coordinator (RC) / Humanitarian Coordinator (HC), working with UNSCO and UNOCHA, and administered by UNOPS. ASU provides services to UN, NGOs, and Diplomatic delegations with the objective to: “Ameliorate the delivery of humanitarian and development assistance and advance the protection of civilians, by developing a centralized, pro-active, and sustainable access strategy for the movement of humanitarian and development personnel and access of goods/materials/equipments, while providing hands-on facilitation, advice and support to goods access and people movement.”
ASU’s key functions are:
Under the overall political leadership of UNSCO/OCHA, the ASU assists the DSC/RC/HC in preparation of the high-level political advocacy and discussions with the parties that contribute to an easing of restrictions on access and movement in the Gaza strip and the West Bank.
The ASU engages in and supports access negotiations and advocacy in relation to the movement of humanitarian and development personnel and coordinates the implementation of mechanisms agreed with the relevant parties. Hands on advice and support is provided to help navigate access and movement restrictions in the field.
Particularly, the ASU provides the support to the Movement of Humanitarian Personnel by facilitating staff rotations into and out of Gaza, (re-)entry into the country, supporting applications for crossing in and out of Gaza (both on the Israeli and the Palestinian side) and into East Jerusalem from the rest of the West Bank, and intervening when issues arise at checkpoints, crossings (including in the West Bank) or international borders.
Prior to the outbreak of hostilities between Israel and Palestinian armed groups in Gaza in October 2023, the access of so-called “dual use” goods, materials and equipment for humanitarian, reconstruction and, development projects and the private sector was facilitated by the ASU through implementation of the Gaza Reconstruction Mechanism (GRM), a tripartite agreement between the Government of Israel, the Palestinian Authority and the UN established in 2014 in the aftermath of the Gaza conflict.
Although, since October 2023, the GRM has been put on hold until the parameters for post-conflict reconstruction are known, the ASU team in Gaza adapted quickly to the emerging needs and has been supporting monitoring entry of fuel for the humanitarian response and facilitating the entrance of Critical Humanitarian Items (CHIs) needed by different humanitarian clusters.